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Are American bullfrogs ecological time bombs?
photo by Tom Gill (Flickr CC)
Millions of bullfrogs imported into California carry an infectious fungus that, although not fatal to bullfrogs, can wipe out populations of native frogs.
Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis breeds in the conditions in which bullfrogs, many of which are imported from Taiwan, are shipped in.
The main purpose for shipping the live bullfrogs is for use in traditional Asian cuisine.
Bullfrogs carry the fungus but do not die from it. Most of the millions of bullfrogs imported to California each year for use in the food, pet and dissection trades are infected with the fungus, according to several recent studies.
–LA Times
Though the California Fish and Game Commission voted to ban bullfrog imports, it decided not to enforce the ban.
Why not? To avoid a culture clash, apparently. Or at least they caved to the pressure of Asian American groups, who see the amphibians as an important part of their food culture. The ban also targeted bullfrog food imports, but not pet stores, which was seen as unfair towards California’s Asian American community
Another strange twist is that the bullfrogs are originally American (albeit from the Northeast), but were imported to Asia and then farmed in China, Taiwan and Brazil for food. They were also introduced into the California ecosystem during the gold rush after miners hunted native frogs almost to extinction.
Read more about California’s bother with bullfrogs in the Los Angeles Times.
American bullfrogs are not just a worry due to the fungus they carry. The ultra-adaptable species is spreading out in parts of South America due to changing temperatures attributed to climate change.
From the New York Times:
Unless steps are taken to prevent the invasion, the authors write, climate change could enable the American bullfrog to thrive in areas of the Andean-Patagonian forest, eastern Paraguay and northwestern Bolivia, where the species has not yet been reported.
That means that not only will a fungus carrier arrive to spread the disease to other species, a new, adaptable predator will be in the mix, which could spell trouble for native species.
Tags: American, Asian, bullfrog, California, Climate change, food, fungus, species
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[...] http://www.greenfudge.org/2011/11/21/are-american-bullfrogs-ecological-time-bombs/ [...]
Thank you for your comment and information, Eric. Best of luck with your cause!
[...] Are American bullfrogs ecological time bombs? « Greenfudge.org [...]
I (and a few others) have been working on this issue for 15+ years before the Fish & Game Commission. And it’s not only the frogs which are a problem. The market turtles are of equal concern.
California annually imports two million American bullfrogs and 300,000-400,000 freshwater turtles for human consumption. The frogs are commercially raise, the turtles all taken from the wild in states east of the Rockies, depleting local populations. All are diseased and parasitized, and none are native to California. Released into local waters, the exotics prey upon and displace native species, while spreading diseases (including the chytrid fungus, thought to have caused the extinctions of some 200 amphibian species worldwide in recent years). I have photos of bullfrogs eating baby ducks, baby western pond turtles, and endangered red-legged frogs. This is a true “no brainer.”
The Department and Commission have all abdicated their mandate in favor of racial and cultural politics, to their ever-lasting shame. Legislation and/or lawsuits are in order.
ALL LEGISLATORS MAY BE WRITTEN C/O THE STATE CAPITOL, SACRAMENTO, CA 95814. Ask for a ban on the importation, possession and sale of all live turtles and frogs. (This matteris nearly identical to the shark fin issue. Both are brutal, unsustainable and a threat to the public health.) It should be noted that most of the market animals are butchered while fully conscious. Visit the markets if you’re in doubt.
Letters are also urged to John Laird, State Secretary of Resources, 1416 Ninth Street, Sacramento, CA 95814. Demand that he order the Dept. of Fish & Game to cease issuing the import permits, as the Commission voted unanimously last year (5:0). It’s all politics, the environment be damned.
x
Eric Mills, coordinator
ACTION FOR ANIMALS
Oakland
email – afa@mcn.org
You’re welcome. Of course I should stress that all these problems are human in origin and not the fault of the frogs!
This is interesting information about these frogs. Thanks.