India’s low-carbon growth strategy
India is a country of over one billion inhabitants and already the fourth largest emitter of CO2. While India’s per capita emissions are still low, the South Asian powerhouse has a projected annual economic growth rate of 8-9%. This means a growing middle class and a concomitant demand for the hallmarks of affluent society, such as cars, televisions and other high-energy lifestyle products.
Besides the obvious rises in greenhouse gas emissions and industrial pollution that go hand in hand with this kind of development, there is another looming problem: fossil fuels are running out. In order to meet the energy appetite of the growing middle classes, India needs to embrace alternative energy sources.
In January, Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh formed a panel of experts, chaired by Dr Kirit Parikh, with the expressed purpose of developing a strategy for green economic growth in India. For India, low carbon growth means development of solar and biomass, which at present contribute 8.8% of the nations power generation. But the reality is that India is overwhelmingly dependent on coal.
From a Reuters article:
Parikh said given the dependence on coal, the only way forward was to enhance the efficiency of coal-based power plants by using technology such as super-critical boilers which would help cut coal use by about 20 percent.
In an interview featured in China Dialogue, Parikh discusses India’s National Action Plan on Climate Change, plus issues of energy-intensity, energy efficiency and energy security. He sees three promising ways towards sustainable development in India:
First is definitely solar technology – and making it cost-competitive with coal as soon as possible. That could bring a hugely transformative change. Second would be a major programme of rainwater harvesting and watershed development. This could transform the whole water and agricultural scenario and is clearly of importance. Third, if one were to speak in terms of the future, maybe the development of cellulosic ethanol…
Perhaps most remarkable is India’s shift in political language from aggressive development to include the pursuit of a low-carbon economy, something that would have been unthinkable just a couple of years ago.
by Graham Land
Tags: carbon, coal, development, economic, emissions, energy, growth, India, low, Parikh, Solar, strategy









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